Otto Pérez Molina

Otto Pérez Molina, president of Guatemala from 2012 to 2015, faced multiple high-level corruption investigations uncovered by the UN-backed International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG). In the La Linea case, he was accused of masterminding a customs fraud network that allowed businesses to pay bribes to avoid import duties, defrauding the state of approximately $3.5 million. In December 2022, he was convicted of illicit association and customs fraud, receiving a 16-year prison sentence and an 8.7 million quetzal fine; he was acquitted of illicit enrichment in this case. In a separate case involving money laundering, fraud, and corruption related to receiving bribes for over 70 public contracts, he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to eight years in prison in 2023. Additional investigations during his tenure involved allegations of embezzlement and illegal financing. After serving eight years in prison, he was granted house arrest in January 2024 upon posting bond and collateral.